![]() ![]() In 1875, Lorentz earned a doctoral degree under Pieter Rijke on a thesis entitled On the theory of reflection and refraction of light, in which he refined the electromagnetic theory of James Clerk Maxwell to account for a wide range of optical phenomena. Lorentz was awarded a bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics in 1871, and the following year returned to Arnhem to teach high school night classes in mathematics, while continuing to read for his doctorate. It was Kaiser who influenced Lorentz to choose physics as a career. ![]() ![]() From 1866-1869 Lorentz attended high school in Arnhem, and in 1870 entered the University of Leiden, where he was strongly influenced by the teaching of astronomy professor Frederik Kaiser. When Lorentz was four, his mother died, and his father married Luberta Hupkes. Hendrik Lorentz was born in Arnhem, Gelderland, son of Gerrit Frederik Lorentz (1822 – 1893), a shopkeeper, and Geertruida van Ginkel (1826 – 1861). ![]()
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